Anti-Bias Education

“Do not be daunted by the enormity of the world’s grief. Do justly, now. Love mercy, now. Walk humbly, now. You are not obligated to complete the work, But neither are you free to abandon it.”

— Rabbi Tarfon

Anti-Bias Education is a framework for supporting children's social development, which:

  • Puts diversity and equity goals at the center of all aspects of an organization's daily life

  • Creates a community that values all dimensions of human difference, and

  • Provides educators and children with tools to identify and respond to bias

Anti-Bias Education requires that we carry a consistent awareness of the social context of our classroom and our world, and the ongoing disposition to bring that awareness to everything we do as educators. So, no big deal… Fortunately, Anti-Bias Education has been well-researched and thoughtfully structured, and there are 4 core goals of Anti-Bias Education, detailed in the book Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves:

  • Identity: Demonstrate self-awareness, confidence, family pride, and positive social identities.

  • Diversity: Express comfort and joy with human diversity; accurate language for human differences; and deep, caring human connections.

  • Justice: Recognize unfairness, have language to describe unfairness, and understand that unfairness hurts.

  • Action: Demonstrate empowerment and the skills to act, with others or alone, against prejudice and/or discrimination.

As you can imagine, the Anti-Bias goals are ongoing - they don't happen in order, and they're not a checklist that's complete once a child has accomplished them. They're intentions that can be woven into the curriculum in all parts of our classrooms, and all times of the day. Which sounds like a tall order…but it's really not a big new thing. We can think about how these goals connect to the things we're already doing in our classrooms and schools: Anti-Bias Education supports our ongoing goals for children's social-emotional learning, and nests perfectly with our commitment to responsive curriculum planning.

The practice of Anti-Bias Education follows a very similar pathway to the cycle of observation, reflection, and planning that drives Responsive Curriculum. Here’s a simple diagram to consider - based on my conversations with Emily Viehauser and Trudy Mossop - illustrating a possible way to envision putting Anti-Bias Education into action. In this conception, our opportunities for promoting and practicing Anti-Bias Education fall somewhere on a spectrum from reactive to proactive, and from short-term to long-term. In our ongoing practice of observing and studying children’s play, we can choose to “toss back” invitations and opportunities around ideas of bias and fairness, that fall somewhere on this spectrum.

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Reactive: being poised to respond in the moment to comments or interactions that have the potential for exploring bias and fairness

  • Comments and questions from children about identity

  • Exclusionary play that brings up questions of fairness

  • Serendipitous events that need unpacking - like how to respond to a person asking for money, outside the grocery store, when the class was just there to get ingredients for pancakes…

Proactive: planning an activity to specifically highlight or provoke children's thinking about bias or fairness

  • Reading a specific story at our morning meeting, or asking a question at the lunch table

  • Planning an art activity, or offering a provocation of materials that stimulates thinking about bias and fairness

  • Or more elaborate plans, like inviting a community member to cook a meal or host a celebration, or taking a field trip to a particular neighborhood or event

Short-term: What will you do or say in the moment?

  • Which might be awesome, and you'll feel great about it

  • Which might be awkward, and you'll decide how to revisit it later

  • Which might be "gosh, I don't know…let me think about that, because you're asking a really good question, and I want to give you a really good answer."

Long-term: How will you follow up on this, later?

  • Which might require reflection with your colleagues and pedagogical leaders

  • Which might be sharing the information with families

  • Which might be having a conversation at group meeting, or planning an activity (essentially, circling back to the "proactive" category)

  • Which might extend into a longer-term project or investigation, or might not…

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Why we call it “Anti-Bias” Education

Messages about social identity filter in from society, and influence how children think of themselves and others. These messages are both overt and covert and come from many places: family, friends, television and movies, books and advertising, and early childhood programs.

The idea of “protecting” children from these “adult” messages and conversations is a false notion. First of all, when we say that, we’re usually talking about protecting white children, who have the privilege of walking through life with fewer negative impacts from bias. Children of color are rarely protected from these conversations, because their safety and survival depends on them having a keen awareness of the biases that face them. And secondly, the impact of bias is happening to young children all the time, like rain falling on flowers...dripping onto them from above, and soaking into the ground and infusing them from below. It’s happening, whether we wish to protect them from it, or not.

Bias is alive and thriving within us and around us, and influencing young children every day…which is why we want to have something called “Anti-Bias Education” - rather than calling it “The Friendship Curriculum” or “let’s all get along and skip through a field together.” Bias is very real, and very potent, and it’s our responsibility to work against it, with our children. Anti-Bias Education provides a framework for that commitment to supporting children's positive social development, and empowering them to become competent citizens in a diverse world.

There are many, many useful resources to support us in promoting and practicing Anti-Bias Education. Here are just a few to start with:

Engaging Families in Anti-Bias Education - some considerations…

Authentic relationships

  • Building connections with families, early on and throughout the year

  • Understanding and acknowledging their identities and cultures

  • Pre-enrollment messaging about ABE

    • Website and brochures

    • Informational tours

    • Enrollment paperwork

    • Classroom placements

  • Starting the year with connections

    • Potlucks

    • Conferences

    • Home visits

  • Participation: keep opening the door

    • Items for the environment

    • Invitations to share family traditions and holidays

    • Ongoing curiosity about family hopes, traditions, and values

Open and honest communication

  • Real-time updates about emerging topics

  • Eagerness to hear about topics that come up at home

  • Curriculum and Activities

    • Books, Materials, Provocations

    • Planning with intention for representation and inclusion

  • Avoiding Bias

    • Authenticity vs. appropriation

    • Mirrors / windows / sliding doors

  • What about holidays?

    • Closure days are usually based on Christian holidays - why?

    • Acknowledging children’s home experiences without “othering”

  • Documentation

    • Transparency of Anti-Bias components in ongoing activities

    • Specific highlighting of ABE conversations and activities

Staffing and Organizational Practices

  • Does the teaching and admin staff reflect the community you serve?   

  • How are staff prepared to support the diverse community they work with?   

  • Policies and Procedures

    • How do school policies (hiring, benefits, enrollment) support ABE?   

    • Are there procedures for addressing prejudice and discrimination?   

  • Family and visitor “first impressions”

    • School and classroom environment

    • People, interactions, representation

    • What does it feel like to walk in to, for each person and family?

  • Setting ourselves and families up for success

    • Expectations for ongoing ABE

    • Honesty and humility

    • Seeing ABE as an expansion of what you already do