Anti-Bias Education
“Do not be daunted by the enormity of the world’s grief. Do justly, now. Love mercy, now. Walk humbly, now. You are not obligated to complete the work, But neither are you free to abandon it.”
— Rabbi Tarfon
Anti-Bias Education is a framework for supporting children's social development, which:
Puts diversity and equity goals at the center of all aspects of an organization's daily life
Creates a community that values all dimensions of human difference, and
Provides educators and children with tools to identify and respond to bias
Anti-Bias Education requires that we carry a consistent awareness of the social context of our classroom and our world, and the ongoing disposition to bring that awareness to everything we do as educators. So, no big deal… Fortunately, Anti-Bias Education has been well-researched and thoughtfully structured, and there are 4 core goals of Anti-Bias Education, detailed in the book Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves:
Identity: Demonstrate self-awareness, confidence, family pride, and positive social identities.
Diversity: Express comfort and joy with human diversity; accurate language for human differences; and deep, caring human connections.
Justice: Recognize unfairness, have language to describe unfairness, and understand that unfairness hurts.
Action: Demonstrate empowerment and the skills to act, with others or alone, against prejudice and/or discrimination.
As you can imagine, the Anti-Bias goals are ongoing - they don't happen in order, and they're not a checklist that's complete once a child has accomplished them. They're intentions that can be woven into the curriculum in all parts of our classrooms, and all times of the day. Which sounds like a tall order…but it's really not a big new thing. We can think about how these goals connect to the things we're already doing in our classrooms and schools: Anti-Bias Education supports our ongoing goals for children's social-emotional learning, and nests perfectly with our commitment to responsive curriculum planning.
The practice of Anti-Bias Education follows a very similar pathway to the cycle of observation, reflection, and planning that drives Responsive Curriculum. Here’s a simple diagram to consider - based on my conversations with Emily Viehauser and Trudy Mossop - illustrating a possible way to envision putting Anti-Bias Education into action. In this conception, our opportunities for promoting and practicing Anti-Bias Education fall somewhere on a spectrum from reactive to proactive, and from short-term to long-term. In our ongoing practice of observing and studying children’s play, we can choose to “toss back” invitations and opportunities around ideas of bias and fairness, that fall somewhere on this spectrum.
Bias is alive and thriving within us and around us, and influencing young children every day…which is why we want to have something called “Anti-Bias Education” - rather than calling it “The Friendship Curriculum” or “let’s all get along and skip through a field together.” Bias is very real, and very potent, and it’s our responsibility to work against it, with our children. Anti-Bias Education provides a framework for that commitment to supporting children's positive social development, and empowering them to become competent citizens in a diverse world.
There are many, many useful resources to support us in promoting and practicing Anti-Bias Education. Here are just a few to start with:
Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves by Louise Derman-Sparks, Julie Olsen-Edwards, and Catherine M. Goins
Leading Anti-Bias Early Childhood Programs by Louise Derman-Sparks, Debbie Lee-Keenan, and John Nimmo
Reflecting on Anti-Bias Education in Action (film) by Debbie Lee-Keenan, John Nimmo, and Filiz Efe McKinney
Celebrate! An Anti-Bias Guide to Holidays in Early Childhood Programs by Julie Bisson
You Can’t Celebrate That! Navigating the Deep Waters of Social Justice Teaching by Nadia Jaboneta
Why We Banned Legos by Ann Pelo and Kendra PeloJoaquin
Our Skin: A First Conversation About Race by Megan Madison, Jessica Ralli, and Isabel Roxas
Engaging Families in Anti-Bias Education - some considerations…
Authentic relationships
Building connections with families, early on and throughout the year
Understanding and acknowledging their identities and cultures
Pre-enrollment messaging about ABE
Website and brochures
Informational tours
Enrollment paperwork
Classroom placements
Starting the year with connections
Potlucks
Conferences
Home visits
Participation: keep opening the door
Items for the environment
Invitations to share family traditions and holidays
Ongoing curiosity about family hopes, traditions, and values
Open and honest communication
Real-time updates about emerging topics
Eagerness to hear about topics that come up at home
Curriculum and Activities
Books, Materials, Provocations
Planning with intention for representation and inclusion
Avoiding Bias
Authenticity vs. appropriation
Mirrors / windows / sliding doors
What about holidays?
Closure days are usually based on Christian holidays - why?
Acknowledging children’s home experiences without “othering”
Documentation
Transparency of Anti-Bias components in ongoing activities
Specific highlighting of ABE conversations and activities
Staffing and Organizational Practices
Does the teaching and admin staff reflect the community you serve?
How are staff prepared to support the diverse community they work with?
Policies and Procedures
How do school policies (hiring, benefits, enrollment) support ABE?
Are there procedures for addressing prejudice and discrimination?
Family and visitor “first impressions”
School and classroom environment
People, interactions, representation
What does it feel like to walk in to, for each person and family?
Setting ourselves and families up for success
Expectations for ongoing ABE
Honesty and humility
Seeing ABE as an expansion of what you already do